all and every

all and every

  • All and every have similar meanings. (Every means 'all without exception'.)
    They are used in different structures:
      [all + plural]
      All children need love.
      All cities are noisy.
      [every + singular]
      Every child needs love.
      Every city is noisy.
  • We can use all, but not every, before a determiner (for example the, my, this).
      [all + determiner + plural]
      Please switch off all the lights.
      I Ve written to all my friends [every + singular]
      Please switch off every light.
      I Ve written to every friend I have.
      (NOT . . . every my friend.)
  • We can use all, but not every, with uncountable nouns.
    I like all music. (NOT . . . every music.)
    We can use all with some singular countable nouns, to mean 'every part of', 'the whole of. Compare:
    She was here all day(= from morning to night)
    She was here every day ( = Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday . . .)
  • At the beginning of negative sentences, we use these structures:
    [Not all/every + noun + affirmative verb]
    Not all Scottish people drink whisky.
    Not every student passed the exam.
    [No + noun + affirmative verb None of + determiner + noun + affirmative verb]
    No Scottish people work in our office.
    None of the students passed the exam.
  • We do not usually use all and every alone without nouns. Instead, we say all of it/them and every one.
    'She's eaten ait the cakes. ' 'What, all of them?' 'Yes, every one.
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