1. S₁: Today the earth has many satellites besides the moon.
S₆: As a result, they travel in an orbit round the earth.

P: But the pull of the earth keeps them from doing so.
Q: The artificial satellites do not fall because they are going too fast to do so.
R: They are artificial satellites made by man and very much smaller than the man.
S: As they speed along, they tend to go.straight off into space.

2. S₁: Mr. Ford, it is commonly reported, once declared that history was "bunk'.
S₆: And the American's conception of his own country as the representative of freedom and of democracy is the product of history as popularly taught and conceived over there.

P: Yet the American, generally speaking, is by no means ignorant of history or uninfluenced by his knowledge of it.
Q: This remarkable utterance of his, if indeed he made it, was in itself an outcome of history.
R: The Americans know more about our history than we know about theirs, though I hope that will soon be remedied.
S: Such contempt for all things past, and such engaging frankness , in expressing it were themselves the outcome of the social history of the United States in the 19th century.

3. S₁: There is a touching story of Professor Hardy visiting Ramanujan as he lay desperately ill in hospital at Putney.
S₆: It is the lowest number that can be expressed in two different ways as the sum of two cubes."

P: "No Hardy, that is not a dull number in the very least.
Q: Hardy, who was a very shy man, could not find the words for his distress.
R: It was 1729.
S: The best he could do, as he got to the bedside was : "I say, Ramanujan,, I thought the number of the taxi I came down in was a very dull number.

4. S₁: Obesity is a curse of modem times.
S₆: This is because today's changed life styles often mean less physical exertion and an over indulgence in unhealthy food.

P: As a result, what is lost is the natural goodness of roughage and important nutrients.
Q: Invariably, fat and sugar which cause obesity are added to make food more palatable.
R: In these days, food gets more refined and cooking methods are more intricate.
S: Therefore, there are more obese people today than ever before.

5. S₁: A man handed a pair of trousers to the departmental store-clerk and said, "I'd like these altered, please".
S₆: Triumphantly he put the trousers and the receipt on the counter and said, "I'd like to have these altered, please."

P: He said that free alteration is not possible without a receipt.
Q: The man said, "Okay, I'd like to return the trousers". The clerk took them back and returned his money.
R: The man*pushed the money and, said, "Now I want to buy them". The clerk put the trousers in a bag, issued a receipt and handed him both.
S: The clerk -asked for the sales receipt but after searching his pockets the man replied that he had lost it.

6. S₁: Films developed from the silent stage to the talkie stage with a tremendous mass appeal.
S₆: Extolling the virtues of bravery and making patriotic films was the order of the day.

P: Film makeirs of those days used film media to portray our struggle for freedom.
Q: The thirties and forties were decades of tremendous social, political and cultural upheavals.
R: That is what 'Alarn Ara' did to the delirious delight of the audience and thus triggered off a revolution.
S: In the turbulent thirties, the silent Indian films began to talk, sing and dance.

7. S₁: One of the most dangerous insect pests is the locust.
S₆: At this stage, they gather in huge numbers and rise from the ground on their powerful wings in cloud.

P: At first they look just like ordinary grasshoppers, which are harmless and unable to fly very far.
Q: Until about thirty years ago, no one knew where locusts came from or why they appeared in the different countries they attacked.
R: Then they change in appearance and develop wings which enable them to fly long distances.
S: Then it was discovered that there are two stages in the life of locusts.

8. S₁: While on a fishing trip last surnmer, I watched an elderly man fishing off the edge of a dock.
S₆: Cheerfully, the old man replied "Small frying pan."

P: "Why didn't you keep the other big ones?" I aksed.
Q: He caught an enormous trout, but apparently not satisfied with its size, he threw it back into the war.
R: He finally caught a small pike. threw it into his pail, and, smilin, happily, prepared to live.
S: Amazed, I watched him repeat this performance.

9. S₁: An elderly lady suddenly became blind.
S₆: The lady said that she had nbt been properly cured because she could not see all her furniture.

P: The doctor called daily and every time he took away some of her furniture he liked.
Q: At last, she was cured and the doctor demanded his fee.
R: She agreed to pay a large fee to the doctor who would cure her.
S: On being refused, the doctor wanted to know the reason.

10. S₁: Smoke oozed up between the planks.
S₆: Most people bore the shock bravely.

P: Passengers were told to be ready to quit the ship.
Q: The rising gale fanned the smouldering fire.
R: Every one now knew there was a fire on board.
S: Flames broke out here and there.