1. S₁: But how does a new word get into the dictionary?
S₆: He sorts them according to their grammatical function, and carefully 'writes a definition.

P: When a new dictionary is being edited, a lexicographer collects all the alphabetically arTange(,' citation slips for a particular word.
Q: The dictionary makers notice it and. make a note of it on a citation slip. i
R: The moment a new word is coined, it usually enters the spoken language.
S: The word then passes from the realm of hearing to the realm of writing.

2. S₁: There were no finger prints anywhere.
S₆: These conclusions made the detectives think that it was a fake theft.

P: First of all it was impossible even for a child to enter through the hole in the roof.
Q: When the investigators tried to reconstruct the crime, they came up against facts.
R: Moreover, when the detectives tried to push a silver vase, it was found to be. double the size of the hole.
S: Again, the size of the hole was examined by the experts who said that nothing had been passed through it.

3. S₁: Music, like literature, is an art that deals with sound.
S₆: They refer to specific things other than themselves such as objects and ideas.

P: Literature makes use of words which are sounds.
Q: They also have meanings.
R: And the writer must be concerned with the effect produced by the sounds he uses.
S: But words are not only sounds.

4. S₁: A small pool in the rocks outside my cottage in the Mussoorie hills provides me endless delight.
S₆: It did and then, looking up, saw me and leapt across the ravine to disappear into the forest.

P: I stood very still, anxious that it should drink its fill.
Q: And once I saw a barking deer, head lowered at the edge of the pool.
R: Water beetles paddle the surface, while tiny fish lurk in the shallows.
S: Sometimes a spotted fork - tail bird comes to drink, hopping delicately from rock to rock.

5. S₁: No one knows when tea was first discovered, or how it came to be such a popular drink.
S₆: It was called Cha's Ching, which, translated, means Tea Scripture.

P: By the eighth century A.D. most Chinese were drinking tea, both because they liked it as a beverage and for its medicinal value.
Q: Tea was so popular that one of the most distinguished poets of the T'ang dynasty, a man called Lu Yu, even wrote a holy scripture about it.
R: The beverage is generally accepted to have originated in China hundreds of years ago.
S: Records going back to the fourth century A.D. refer to tea.

6. S₁: The coming of the computer sparked the need for remotely operatecl controls.
S₆: The code is based on binary digits.

P: It is silicon chip that is at the heart of the remote control.
Q: This produces an infra-red beam, which is made up of electromagnetic waves.
R: When you press the button on the remote control, the chip sets off an electronic vibration.
S: The beam carries a coded signal such as switch on, raise volume, etc.

7. S₁: Governments are instituted among men to secure their certain inalienable rights.
S₆: Such was the necessity which constrained the united colonies of America to give up thier allegiance to the British Crown and declare themselves free and independent states.

P: Accordingly, men are more disposed to suffer than to right themselves by abolishing the forms of governments to which they are accustomed.
Q: But prudence will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes.
R: They derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, and therefore, can also be changed by them.
S: But whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these rights of the people, it is their duty to throw off such a government.

8. S₁: There has been an alarming increase in the number of vehicles on Delhi roads.
S₆: Should the pedestrians' case be allowed to go by default?

P: The pedestrian has, however, been the worst sufferer.
Q: There is -no place where the pedestrian can move freely without the fear of traffic.
R: Zebra crossings like the pavements are no longer safe.
S: This has further aggravated the problem of pollution in the city.

9. S₁: Life is hazardous.
S₆: Everything points to a speciat kind of arms race with elaborate strategies and counter-strategies for attack and defence.

P: And prey have evolved adaptations that reduce the risk of being eaten.
Q: Many animals are killed and eaten by other animals.
R: And many predators die from starvation because they fail to secure prey.
S: Predators have continued to evolve adaptations that enable them to locate and kill prey.

10. S₁: As a dramatist Rabindranath was not what might be called a success.
S₆: Therefore, drama forms the essential part of the traditional Indian culture.

P: His dramas were moulded more on the lines of the traditional Indian village dramas than the dramas of the modern world.
Q: His plays were more a catalogue of ideas than a vehicle of the expression of action.
R: Actually drama has always been the life of the Indian people, as it deals with legends of gods and goddesses.
S: Although in his short stories and novels he was able to create living and well - defined characters, he did not seem to be able to do so in his dramas.