1. Over means above.

Pattern 1: verb + over + noun
The plane flew over our building.
The pictures were hanging over the sofa.

Typical verbs used before over:
be, bend, float, fly, hang, hover, lean, look, shine, watch

Pattern 2: verb + noun + over + noun
She hung the pictures over the sofa.

Typical verbs used with this pattern:
float, fly, hang, hold, install, nail, place, suspend

Expression:
to hold something over one's head—to control, threaten, or punish someone because of a known fact or misdeed
She knows he was fired from his last job; now she holds that over his head.

2. Over can mean higher than.

Pattern: be + (way) over + noun
The price of that vacation is (way) over our budget.
The water at this end of the pool is over your head.

Expression:
be over one's head—more than one can understand
I can do simple math, but that problem is way over my head.

3. Over (adverb) can mean more than.

Pattern: over + number + noun
He was driving at over eighty miles an hour.
I have gained over five pounds this month.

4. Over indicates movement above something and to the other side of it.

Pattern 1: verb + over + noun
The children jumped over the puddles on their way to school.
We had to climb over the mountain to get here.

Typical verbs used before over:
cross, climb, drive, get, go, hop, jump, look, run, skate, skip, step, stumble, trip

Pattern 2: verb + noun + over + noun
The young player batted the ball over the fence.
We had fun throwing rocks over the creek.

Typical verbs:
bat, carry, drive, hit, throw

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