1. S₁: The essence of democracy is the active participation of the people in government affair.
S₆: By and large it is the actual practice of our way of life.

P: When the people are active watchmen and participants, we have that fertile soil in which democracy fluorishes.
Q: This democracy of ours is founded upon a faith in the overall judgement of the people as a whole.
R: When the people - do not participate, the spirit of democratic action dies.
S: When the people are honestly and clearly informed, their common sense can be relied upon to carry the nation safely through any crisis.

2. S₁: The motor car is one of the useful gifts of modern science.
S₆: Finally in this age of energy crisis a personal car is an expensive thing.

P: One of these is the smoke and pollution that it creates.
Q: It has made short and medium distance journeys , fast and comfortable.
R: The other is that it has made journey by road hazardous.
S: Yet we can't say that a motor car is a blessing W ithout disadvantages.

3. S₁: But Mr. Ford was by no means the inventor of mass production.
S₆: When one huge machine began to perform rapidly due operations previously done slowly by hand, the age of mass production was bom.

P: It is difficult, indeed, to say who was.
Q: Brilliant men perfected cotton gins and looms.
R: The inventibn of the steam-engine gave manufacturers the cheap power they needed.
S: When the first large mills for the manufacture of cloth were built, mass production began.

4. S₁: The time has come for us to consider seriously the question of a Bharat brand of English.
S₆: Bharat English will respect the rule of law and maintain the dignity of grammar, but still have a swadeshi stamp about it.

P: I am not suggesting here a mongrelisation of the language.
Q: English must adopt the complexion of our life and assiniflate its idiom.
R: Now the time is ripe for it to come to the dusty street, market place and under the banyan tree.
S: So far English has had a comparatively confined existence in our country, chiefly in the halls of learning, justice or administration.

5. S₁: This year many States have been badly affected by the drought situation prevailing in the country.
S₆: Either way, it seems the lot of the Indian farmer to be at the mercy of the elements.

P: No better is the situation elsewhere, where floods have ravaged the standing crop.
Q: Though some have been less affected, even these are facing an uphill task in managing the situation.
R: Especially pitiable is the plight of the poor farmer who cannot offord a tubewell to irrigate his land.
S: Here the predicament is more equitable, for everybody's land is similarly submerged under ten feet of water.

6. S₁: Have you ever thought of the ways in which birds are useful to man?
S₆: Finally, birds and their eggs form an important part of man's food.

P: Again, there are some birds that help us to keep our surroundings clean by removing dead animals and decaying matter.
Q: A bird eats hundreds of insects every day, and thus helps to limit the insect population of the world.
R: Their service to man is to check the growth of insects.
S: Another service done by birds to man is to kill. animals like rats and squirrels which destroy the farmers' crops.

7. S₁: While crossing a busy road we should obey the policeman on duty.
S₆: We should never run while crossing a road.

P: We should always cross the road at the zebra crossing.
Q: We must look to the signal lights and cross the road only when the road is clear.
R: If there are no signal lights at the crossing, we should look to the right, then to the left and again to the right before crossing the road.
S: If the road is not clear we should wait.

8. S₁: Does the arrival of a particular species of migratory birds herald the onset of monsoon?
S₆: These birds have been observed to reach India just prior to the rains.

P: They have sighted the pied crested cuckoos, inhabitants of the African continent.
Q: If their belief is correct then the rains are round the comer.
R: Ornithologists at the Bombay National History Society believe so.
S: They normally migrate to the Indian sub-continent just before the monsoon season for breeding.

9. S₁: Over the centuries the face of the earth has become crowded with monuments and memorials.
S₆: We must have more space for building new things and developing open countryside.

P: Films, pictures and even miniature models can be made of the relics for posterity interested in knowing about them.
Q: Some people however would contend that antiquity should be preserved for future generations.
R: If they were all to be preserved we will have very little space for other, more useful, things.
S: Personally, I do not agree with their contention.

10. S₁: When you leave your house, concentrate your mind on a subject.
S₆: It is idle to pretend that your mind is incapable of concentration.

P: Bring the mind back by the scruff of the neck.
Q: You can not by any chance fail if you persevere.
R: Before you have reached the station you will have brought it back about 40 times.
S: You will not have gone ten yards before your mind has skipped away under your very eyes and is playing round the corner with another subject.